Как создать дочерние окна с помощью Python tkinter?
Я использую Python 3.3 и tkinter для создания интерфейса GUI для моделирования пешеходного бегства.
Я написал две программы симуляции, и они работали хорошо. Тем не менее, я застрял при попытке позвонить им из моего основного приложения. Я хочу, чтобы окно моделирования появилось в отдельном окне (создайте дочернее окно главного окна).
#flee_GUI.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import tkinter
class MenuBar(tkinter.Menu):
def __init__(self,parent):
tkinter.Menu.__init__(self,parent)
###File###
fileMenu = tkinter.Menu(self, tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label="File",underline=0, menu=fileMenu)
fileMenu.add_command(label='Open',underline=1)
fileMenu.add_separator()
fileMenu.add_command(label="Exit", underline=1, command=self.quit)
###Run###
runMenu=tkinter.Menu(self,tearoff=False)
self.add_cascade(label='Run',underline=1,menu=runMenu)
runMenu.add_command(label='Open Bounary Model',underline=1,command=runModel1)
class Frame(tkinter.Tk):
def __init__(self,parent):
tkinter.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
self.parent=parent
def runModel1():
from drawcanvas_Alpha_7_0_open_border import cell
I=cell(None)
class App(tkinter.Tk):
def __init__(self,parent):
tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent)
self.parent=parent
runModel1()
menubar=MenuBar(self)
self.config(menu=menubar)
if __name__=='__main__':
app=App(None)
app.mainloop()
#drawcanvas_Alpha_7_0_open_border.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#Run this by python3.x.
#If you are using Python2.x,be aware of the difference such as print,Tkinter and tkinter,etc.
#from tkinter import *
import tkinter
import random
#class cell(Frame):
class cell(tkinter.Tk):
def __init__(self,parent):
tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent)
self.parent=parent
self.channel_length=40#aisle length (1 unit for 10 pixel)
self.channel_width=40#aisle width
self.origin_x=0
self.origin_y=0
self.pixel_unit=10
self.speed=100
self.alltime=0
self.PN=100#Number of pedestrian
self.Pu=0.1
self.Pd=0.9#probability of going down if the right side were occupied
self.window_width=self.origin_x+self.channel_length*self.pixel_unit
self.window_height=self.origin_y+self.channel_width*self.pixel_unit+2*self.pixel_unit
self.canvas=tkinter.Canvas(
self.parent,width=self.window_width,height=self.window_height,bg='lightblue')
self.Ped_x=[]
self.Ped_y=[]
self.block_flag=[]
self.block_occupy=[]
self.draw_canvas()
self.draw_grid()
self.draw_architecture()
self.draw_pedestrian_init()
self.draw_pedestrian()
def draw_canvas(self):
self.canvas.pack()
def destroy_canvas(self):
self.canvas.destroy()
def destroy_architecture(self):
pass
def draw_grid(self):
for i in range(2,self.channel_width+1):
self.draw_line(0,i,self.channel_length,i)
for i in range(1,self.channel_length):
self.draw_line(i,0,i,self.channel_width+1)
def draw_line(self,x0,y0,x1,y1,linedash=1):
self.canvas.create_line(
self.origin_x+x0*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_y+y0*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_x+x1*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_y+y1*self.pixel_unit,dash=linedash)
def draw(self,x0,y0,x1,y1,color='black'):
self.canvas.create_rectangle(
self.origin_x+x0*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_y+y0*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_x+x1*self.pixel_unit,
self.origin_y+y1*self.pixel_unit,
fill=color)
for i in range(y0,y1):
for j in range(x0,x1):
self.block_occupy[i][j]=1
#print(j,i)
def draw_architecture(self):
for i in range(0,(self.channel_width+1)+1):
self.block_occupy.append([])
for j in range(0,self.channel_length):
self.block_occupy[i].append(0)
self.draw(0,0,self.channel_length,1)
self.draw(0,self.channel_width+1,self.channel_length,self.channel_width+2)
self.draw(30,1,31,int(self.channel_width/2-1),'red')
#self.draw(30,int(self.channel_width/2+1),31,self.channel_width+1,'red')
def draw_pedestrian_init(self):
Ped_count=0
while Ped_count<self.PN:
self.Ped_x.append(
int(random.randrange(
self.origin_x,self.origin_x+30*self.pixel_unit)/self.pixel_unit)*self.pixel_unit)
self.Ped_y.append(
int(random.randrange(
self.origin_y+self.pixel_unit,self.origin_y+(self.channel_width+1)*self.pixel_unit)/self.pixel_unit)*self.pixel_unit)
tmp_x=int((self.Ped_x[Ped_count]-self.origin_x)/self.pixel_unit)
tmp_y=int((self.Ped_y[Ped_count]-self.origin_y)/self.pixel_unit)
if self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]==1:
self.Ped_x.pop()
self.Ped_y.pop()
else:
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=1
Ped_count=Ped_count+1
self.block_flag=[self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.Ped_x[i],self.Ped_y[i],
self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit,self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit,fill='green') for i in range(0,self.PN)]
def draw_pedestrian(self):
for i in range(0,self.PN):
self.canvas.delete(self.block_flag[i])
#print(self.block_occupy)
#count_f=self.PN
for i in range(0,self.PN):
if self.Ped_x[i]>self.origin_x+(self.channel_length-1)*self.pixel_unit-1:
#self.Ped_x[i]=self.Ped_x[i]-self.channel_length*self.pixel_unit
dummy_x=int((self.Ped_x[i]-self.origin_x)/self.pixel_unit)
dummy_y=int((self.Ped_y[i]-self.origin_y)/self.pixel_unit)
self.block_occupy[dummy_y][dummy_x]=0
#count_f=self.PN-1
self.Ped_x[i]=-1
self.Ped_y[i]=-1
temp_block_flag1=[]
temp_block_flag2=[]
for i in range(0,self.PN):
if self.Ped_x[i]!=-1:
temp_block_flag1.append(self.block_flag[i])
else:
temp_block_flag2.append(self.block_flag[i])
self.block_flag=temp_block_flag1
for i in range(0,len(temp_block_flag2)):
self.canvas.delete(temp_block_flag2[i])
self.Ped_x=[self.Ped_x[i] for i in range(0,self.PN) if self.Ped_x[i]!=-1]
self.Ped_y=[self.Ped_y[i] for i in range(0,self.PN) if self.Ped_y[i]!=-1]
self.PN=len(self.Ped_x)
for i in range(0,self.PN):
print(self.PN,i,len(self.Ped_x))
tmp_x=int((self.Ped_x[i]-self.origin_x)/self.pixel_unit)
tmp_y=int((self.Ped_y[i]-self.origin_y)/self.pixel_unit)
if self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x+1]==0:
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x+1]=1
self.Ped_x[i]=self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit
elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==0
and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==0):#The right side is occupied,while the up and down side is free
if random.uniform(0,1)<self.Pd:#go down
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0
self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]=1
self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit
else:#go up
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0
self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]=1
self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]-self.pixel_unit
elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==1 #the up side is occupied,while the down side is free
and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==0):
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0
self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]=1
self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]-self.pixel_unit
elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==0 #the up side is free,while the down side is occupied
and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==1):
self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0
self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]=1
self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit
#print(self.block_occupy)
self.block_flag=[self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.Ped_x[i],self.Ped_y[i],
self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit,self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit,fill='green') for i in range(0,self.PN)]
self.alltime+=1
self.after(self.speed,self.draw_pedestrian)
if self.PN==0:
print("Fleeing complete!,total time:",self.alltime)
self.destroy_canvas()
if __name__=='__main__':
Io=cell(None)
Io.mainloop()
Как запустить дочернее окно из моего основного приложения с помощью tkinter?
1 ответов
вы создаете дочерние окна, создавая экземпляры Toplevel. См.http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/toplevel.htm для получения дополнительной информации.
вот пример, который позволяет создавать новые окна, нажав на кнопки:
import Tkinter as tk
class MainWindow(tk.Frame):
counter = 0
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.button = tk.Button(self, text="Create new window",
command=self.create_window)
self.button.pack(side="top")
def create_window(self):
self.counter += 1
t = tk.Toplevel(self)
t.wm_title("Window #%s" % self.counter)
l = tk.Label(t, text="This is window #%s" % self.counter)
l.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True, padx=100, pady=100)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
main = MainWindow(root)
main.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
root.mainloop()